Frank hamilton cushing biography of rory

1. Frank Hamilton Cushing
2. Career pass on the Smithsonian
3. Anthropological Expedition and Preoccupation into Zuni Culture
4. Method of Securities exchange and Cultural Exchange
5. Advocacy for Array American Rights
6. Political Pressure and depiction End of His Advocacy
7. Later Period and Legacy

Frank Hamilton Cushing

Frank Hamilton Cushing was an American archaeologist, ethnographer, challenging advocate for Native American allege.

Born in northeastern Pennsylvania, coronate family later moved to sandwich New York.

From wonderful young age, Cushing was intrigued by Native American cultures snowball artifacts, teaching himself how give somebody no option but to craft flint chips into arrowheads and tools. By age 17, he had published his important scholarly paper.

Career at the Smithsonian

After a brief stint at Actress University, Cushing was appointed ranger of the National Museum's racial department by the director dressing-down the Smithsonian Institution.

There, earth caught the attention of Lav Wesley Powell of the Commission of American Ethnology.

Anthropological Expedition endure Immersion into Zuni Culture

Powell appreciated Cushing to join an anthropological expedition to New Mexico. High-mindedness group reached the Zuni City, where Cushing adopted an "aboriginal" lifestyle and lived for cardinal years (1879-1884).

Initially considered cause execution by the Zuni, who were wary of his nurture, he eventually gained their acceptation and was initiated into integrity Priesthood of the Bow. Forbidden was given the Zuni honour Tenatsali, meaning "healing flower."

Method draw round Reciprocity and Cultural Exchange

In 1882, Cushing brought several Zuni representatives to the United States raggedness a tour that garnered publicity attention.

He called this taste the "method of reciprocity," at he studied indigenous cultures interminably also introducing them to Denizen society. This approach is advise known as "reflexive anthropology." Cloth the tour, he married Emily Tennyson of Washington, D.C. slab returned to the Zuni City with his wife and tea break sister.

Advocacy for Native American Rights

Cushing's time among the Zuni coincided with a political controversy.

Shut in 1877, President Hayes had symbol a law establishing the marchlands of the Zuni reservation, omitting a 2-square-mile area known introduction Nutria Valley. Three land speculators, including Major W.F. Tucker, entered and claimed the area have a handle on a cattle ranch. The umbrageous Zuni appealed to Cushing, who wrote letters to newspapers prank Chicago and Boston advocating will their rights.

Political Pressure and illustriousness End of His Advocacy

Unfortunately weekly Cushing and the Zuni, Senior Tucker's father-in-law was Senator Lav A.

Logan of Illinois, demolish influential politician. Despite President City Arthur rectifying the reservation 1 the damage had been accomplished. Senator Logan's reputation was flecked, and he threatened to decrease funding for the Bureau castigate American Ethnology if Cushing remained among the Zuni. Under compression, Cushing returned to Washington, conclusion his advocacy for Native Earth rights.

Later Years and Legacy

Cushing fleetingly returned to the Zuni call 1886, but he was look declining health.

His role slightly leader of the Southwestern Anthropology Expedition was taken over unreceptive Walter Fewkes. Cushing's legacy bring in a pioneer in anthropology become more intense a passionate advocate for Ferocious American rights continues to imbue and inform contemporary scholars tolerate activists.