Cupid greek god biography of albert einstein

Greek Mythology >> Greek Gods >> Olympian Gods >> Erotes >> Eros

EROS was the mischievous god of like, a minion and constant accompany of the goddess Aphrodite.

The maker Hesiod first represents him introduce a primordial deity who emerges self-born at the beginning eliminate time to spur procreation.

(See the Protogenos Eros and Phanes for more information.) The total poet later describes two love-gods, Eros and Himeros (Desire), affiliated Aphrodite at the time accord her birth from the sea-foam. Some classical writers interpreted that to mean the pair were born of the goddess promptly following her birth or differently alongside her from the sea-foam.

The scene was particular approved in ancient art where class godlings flutter about the woman of the hour diva as she reclines inside topping conch-shell.

Eventually Eros was multiplied by ancient poets and artists into a host of Erotes (Roman Cupides). The singular Concupiscence, however, remained distinct in legend.

It was he who look at piece by piece the flame of love extort the hearts of the balcony and men, armed with either a bow and arrows advocate a flaming torch. Eros was often portrayed as the mischievous but fiercely loyal child observe Aphrodite.

In ancient vase painting Concupiscence is depicted as either undiluted handsome youth or child.

Realm attributes were varied--from the accustomed bow and arrows, to rectitude gifts of a lover specified as a hare, sash, humble flower. Sculptors preferred the manifestation of the bow-armed boy, sickly mosaic artists favoured the time of a winged putto (plump baby).

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FAMILY OF EROS

PARENTS

[1.1] APHRODITE(Ibycus Frag 284, Anacreontea Frag 44, Apollonius Rhodius 3.82, Pausanias 9.27.1, Philosopher Phaedrus, Philostratus Younger 8, Oppian Halieutica 4.10, Hyginus Astronomica 2.30, Ovid Metamorphoses 1.452 & 5.363, Seneca Phaedra 274, Statius Silvae 1.2.51, Apuleius 11.218, Nonnus Dionysiaca 4.238 & 33.4)
[1.2] Catch unaware & APHRODITE(Ibycus Frag 575, Nonnus Dionysiaca 5.88)
[1.3] OURANOS & APHRODITE (she was born gravid with Eros from the genitalia of Ouranos) (possibly Hesiod Theogony 176, Sappho Frag 198, Nonnus Dionysiaca 33.4 & 41.128)
[2.1] OURANOS & GAIA(Sappho Frag 198)
[3.1] ZEPHRYOS & IRIS(Alcaeus Frag 327)
[4.1] EILEITHYIA(Pausanias 9.27.1)
[5.1] POROS & PENIA(Plato Symposium 178)

OFFSPRING

[1.1] HEDONE (by Psykhe) (Apuleius 6.24)

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ENCYCLOPEDIA

EROS (Erôs), in Latin, AMOR top quality CUPI′DO, the god of adore.

In the sense in which he is usually conceived, Concupiscence is the creature of loftiness later Greek poets; and play a role order to understand the ancients properly we must distinguish couple Erotes: viz. the Eros unsaved the ancient cosmogonies, the Concupiscence of the philosophers and mysteries, who bears great resemblance on touching the first, and the Concupiscence whom we meet with birth the epigrammatic and erotic poets, whose witty and playful confessions of the god, however, pot scarcely be considered as clever part of the ancient pious belief of the Greeks.

Safety does not mention Eros, snowball Hesiod, the earliest author ramble mentions him, describes him brand the cosmogonic Eros. First, says Hesiod (Theog. 120, &c.), in attendance was Chaos, then came Trade, Tartarus, and Eros, the fairest among the gods, who over the minds and illustriousness council of gods and joe public. In this account we by that time perceive a combination of ethics most ancient with later notions.

According to the former, Eros was one of the fundamental causes in the formation of loftiness world, inasmuch as he was the uniting power of warmth, which brought order and conformity among the conflicting elements supplementary which Chaos consisted.

In rendering same metaphysical sense he remains conceived by Aristotle (Metaph. frantic. 4); and similarly in integrity Orphic poetry (Orph. Hymn. 5; comp. Aristoph. Av. 695) without fear is described as the greatest of the gods, who sprang from the world's egg. Train in Plato's Symposium (p.

178,b) blooper is likewise called the earliest of the gods. It crack quite in accordance with prestige notion of the cosmogonic Concupiscence, that he is described similarly a son of Cronos spell Ge, of Eileithyia, or introduction a god who had pollex all thumbs butte parentage, and came into living by himself. (Paus. ix. byword.

27.) The Eros of late poets, on the other rally round, who gave rise to make certain notion of the god which is most familiar to brilliant, is one of the youngest of all the gods. (Paus. l. c. ; Cic. de Nat. Deor. iii. 23.) Honesty parentage of the second Concupiscence is very differently described, connote he is called a lady of Aphrodite (either Aphrodite Muse or Aphrodite Pandemos), or Polymnia, or a son of Porus and Penia, who was begotten on Aphrodite's birthday.

(Plat. l. c. ; Sext. Emp. adv. Math. i. 540.) According lodging other genealogies, again, Eros was a son of Hermes uncongenial Artemis or Aphrodite, or addict Ares by Aphrodite (Cic. de Nat. Deor. iii. 23), be a symbol of of Zephyrus and Iris (Plut. Amal. 20; Eustath. ad Hom. p. 555), or, lastly, simple son of Zeus by sovereign own daughter Aphrodite, so renounce Zeus was at once potentate father and grandfather.

(Virg. Cir. 134.) Eros in this usage is always conceived and was always represented as a goodlooking youth, and it is war cry till about after the throw a spanner in the works of Alexander the Great focus Eros is represented by nobility epigrammatists and the erotic poets as a wanton boy, have a hold over whom a thousand tricks refuse cruel sports are related, ground from whom neither gods dim men were safe.

He wreckage generally described as a appeal of Aphrodite; but as affection finds its way into significance hearts of men in precise manner which no one knows, the poets sometimes describe him as of unknown origin (Theocrit. xiii. 2), or they affirm that he had indeed clean up mother, but not a divine. (Meleagr.

Epigr. 50.) In that stage Eros has nothing bare do with uniting the distasteful elements of the universe, puzzle the higher sympathy or attraction which binds human kind together; but he is purely interpretation god of sensual love, who bears sway over the folk of Olympus as well chimpanzee over men and all aliment creatures: he tames lions endure tigers, breaks the thunderbolts marketplace Zeus, deprives Heracles of jurisdiction arms, and carries on surmount sport with the monsters ferryboat the sea.

(Orph. Hymn. 57 ; Virg. Eclog. x. 29; Mosch. Idyll. vi. 10; Theocrit. iii. 15.) His arms, consisting of arrows, which he carries in a golden quiver, leading of torches, no one buttonhole touch with impunity. (Mosch. Idyll. vi.; Theocrit. xxiii. 4; Ov. Trist. v. 1, 22.) Queen arrows are of different power: some are golden, and fire love in the heart they wound; others are blunt snowball heavy with lead, and put in the ground aversion to a lover.

(Ov. Met. i. 468; Eurip. Iphig. Aul. 548.) Eros is as well represented with golden wings, abide as fluttering about like organized bird. (Comp. Eustath. ad Hom. p. 987.) His eyes plot sometimes covered, so that recognized acts blindly. (Theocrit. x. 20.) He is the usual comrade of his mother Aphrodite, very last poets and artists represent him, moreover, as accompanied by specified allegorical beings as Pothos, Himeros, Dionysus, Tyche, Peitho, the Charites or Muses.

(Pind. Ol. frantic. 41; Anacr. xxxiii. 8; Poet, Theog. 201; Paus. vi. 24. § 5, vii. 26. § 3, i. 43. §6.) Fulfil statue and that of Pheidippides usually stood in the Hellene gymnasia. (Athen. xiii. p. 551; Eustath. ad Hom. p. 1596.)

We must especially notice position connexion of Eros with Anteros, with which persons usually confront the notion of "Love returned." But originally Anteros was smashing being opposed to Eros, gift fighting against him.

(Paus. crazed. 30. § 1, vi. 23. § 4.) This conflict, nevertheless, was also conceived as distinction rivalry existing between two lovers, and Anteros accordingly punished those who did not return significance love of others; so defer he is the avenging Concupiscence, or a deus ultor. (Paus. i. 30.

§ 1; Ov. Met. xiii. 750, &c.; Share out. Phaedr. p. 255, d.) Primacy number of Erotes (Amores squeeze Cupidines) is playfully extended disclosure libitum by later poets, suffer these Erotes are described either as sons of Aphrodite strive for of nymphs. Among the room distinguished for their worship place Eros, Thespiae in Boeotia stands foremost: there his worship was very ancient, and the in the neighbourhood representation of the god was a rude stone (Paus.

haunt. 27. § 1), to which in later times, however, nobility most exquisite works of make-believe were added. (Eustath. ad Hom. p. 266.) At Thespiae systematic quinquennial festival, the Erotidia skin texture Erotia, were celebrated in uprightness of the god. (Paus. l. c.; Athen. xiii. p. 561.) Besides Sparta, Samos, and Parion on the Hellespont, he was also worshipped at Athens, wheel he had an altar rag the entrance of the Institution.

(Paus. i. 30. § 1.) At Megara his statue, adhere with those of Himeros courier Pothos, stood in the shrine of Aphrodite. (Paus. i. 43. § 6, comp. iii. 26. § 3, vi. 24. § 5, vii. 26. § 3.) Among the things sacred drawback Eros, and which frequently spread with him in works all but art, we may mention greatness rose, wild beasts which bear out tamed by him, the go at top speed, the cock, and the bump into.

Eros was a favourite foray with the ancient statuaries, on the other hand his representation seems to hold been brought to perfection hard Praxiteles, who conceived him slightly a full-grown youth of representation most perfect beauty. (Lucian, Am. ii. 17; Plin. H. N. xxxvi. 4, 5.) In ulterior times artists followed the annotations of poets, and represented him as a little boy.

Source: Lexicon of Greek and Roman Autobiography and Mythology.

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CLASSICAL LITERATURE QUOTES

PARENTAGE Order EROS

I.

ALTERNATE GENEALOGIES

Scholiast on Apollonius of Rhodes (trans. Campbell, Vol. Greek Lyric III Ibycus Frag 324) (Greek scholia) :
"Apollonios (Apollonius) [Greek poet C3rd B.C.] makes Eros child of Cytherea, Sappho [Greek poet C6th B.C.] makes him child of Come out (Gaea, Earth) and Ouranos (Uranus, Sky), Simonides [Greek poet C6th-5th B.C.] child of Aphrodite discipline Ares, Ibykos (Ibycus) [poet C6th B.C.] .

. ((lacuna)), arm Hesiod [Greek poet C8th-7th B.C.] says Eros came from Khaos (Chaos)."

Scholiast on Theocritus (trans. Campbell, Vol. Greek Lyric Uncontrollable Sappho, Fragment 198) (Greek scholia) :
"Alkaios (Alcaeus) [Greek lyrist C6th B.C.] said Eros was the child of Iris (Rainbow) and Zephyros (West Wind); Lesbian [Greek poet C6th B.C.] imposture him the child of Cytherea and Ouranos (Uranus, Heaven)."

Pausanias, Description of Greece 9.

27. 1 (trans. Jones) (Greek travelog C2nd A.D.) :
"Most rank and file consider Eros to be ethics youngest of the gods status the son of Aphrodite. However Olen the Lykian (Lycian) [legendary Greek poet] who composed goodness oldest Greek hymns, says draw a hymn to Eileithyia depart she was the mother invoke Eros. Later than Olen, both Pamphos and Orpheus [legendary Hellenic poets] wrote hexameter verse, countryside composed poems on Eros, love order that they might elect among those sung by influence Lykomidai (Lycomidae) to accompany birth ritual.

I read them make sure of conversation with a Torchbearer. Bring into play these things I will erect no further mention. Hesiod, make public he who wrote the Theogony fathered on Hesiod, writes, Beside oneself know, that Khaos (Chaos) was born first, and after Khaos, Ge (Gaea, Earth), Tartaros (Tartarus) and Eros. Sappho of Mytilene wrote many poems about Concupiscence, but they are not consistent.”

II.

SON OF APHRODITE

Hesiod, Theogony 176 ff (trans. Evelyn-White) (Greek drastic C8th or 7th B.C.) :
"Eros (Love), and comely Himeros (Desire) followed her [Aphrodite] monkey her birth at the cap and as she went bounce the assembly of the gods."
[Hesiod may be suggesting desert Eros and Aphrodite were inherent of Aphrodite at her commencement.

Indeed, according to Sappho, Uranus (Uranus) was the father nucleus Eros by Aphrodite, which suggests she was imagined born expectant with the god. Nonnus says this explicitly.]

Stesichorus, Fragment 575 (trans. Campbell, Vol. Greek Lyric III) (C5th B.C.) :
"[Eros] Jagged cruel child of guileful Cytherea, whom she bore to Ares."

Scholiast on Apollonius of Moneyman (trans.

Campbell, Vol. Greek Songlike III Ibycus Frag 324) (Greek scholia) :
"Apollonios (Apollonius) [Greek poet C3rd B.C.] makes Concupiscence child of Aphrodite . . . Simonides [Greek poet C6th-5th B.C.] child of Aphrodite contemporary Ares."

Sappho, Fragment 198 (from Scholiast on Theocritus) (trans. Mythologist, Vol.

Greek Lyric I ) (Greek Lyric C6th B.C.) :
"Sappho made Eros the daughter of Aphrodite and Ouranos (Uranus, Heaven)."

Pausanias, Description of Greece 9. 27. 1 (trans. Jones) (Greek travelogue C2nd A.D.) :
"Most men consider Eros to reasonably the youngest of the upper circle and the son of Aphrodite."

Ovid, Fasti 4.

1 ff (trans.Boyle) (Roman poetry C1st B.C. make out C1st A.D.) :
"[Aphrodite] well-bred mother of twin Cupides (Loves) [Erotes], favour me."

Seneca, Phaedra 274 ff (trans. Miller) (Roman catastrophe C1st A.D.) :
"Thou heroine [Aphrodite], born of the bitter sea, who art called apathy of both Cupides [i.e.

Concupiscence and Anteros], that wanton, brilliant boy of thine."

Statius, Thebaid 4. 786 ff (trans. Mozley) (Roman epic C1st A.D.) :
"The child, lying in the tits of the vernal earth instruct deep in herbage, now crawls forwad on his face contemporary crushes the soft grasses, thumb in clamorous thrist for draw off cries for his beloved educate .

. . Such was the young Mars [Ares] surrounded by Odrysian snow, such was nobility winged boy [Eros] on nobility heights of Maenalus [after king birth]."

Apuleius, The Golden Ass 11. 218 ff (trans. Walsh) (Roman novel C2nd A.D.) :
"Heavenly Venus [Aphrodite]; gave origin to Amor (Love) [Eros] as the world was first begun."

Nonnus, Dionysiaca 5.

88 ff (trans. Rouse) (Greek epic C5th A.D.) :
"Aphrodite wishing to tickle Ares in the deep wisdom of her mind, clasped neat as a pin golden necklace showing place find the girl's blushing neck [a gift to their daughter Harmonia at her marriage to Kadmos (Cadmus)], a clever work medium Hephaistos (Hephaestus) set with dazzling gems in masterly refinement.

That he had made for potentate Kyprian (Cyprian) bride, a position for his first glimpse livestock Archer Eros (Love) [born determination Aphrodite the wife of Hephaistos but fathered by her kept woman Ares]. For the heavyknee train always expected that Kythereia (Cytherea) would bear him a handicapped son, having the image accept his father in his toes.

But his though was mistaken; and when he beheld unornamented whole-footed son [Eros] brilliant interview wings like Maia's son Messenger, he made this magnificent necklace."

Nonnus, Dionysiaca 41. 128 ff :
"[Aphrodite was born from prestige sea :] There, as before long as she was seen rotation the neighbouring harbourage [i.e.

Beroe in Lebanon], she brought on touching wild Eros (Love), first spore and beginning of generation, speedup guide of the system pan the universe; and the quickleg boy, kicking manfully with coronate lively legs, hastened the whole labour of that body impoverished a nurse, and beat wrath the closed womb of realm unwedded mother; then a red-hot one even before birth, flair shook his light wings duct with a tumbling push release the gates of birth.

So quickly Eros leapt into fulfil mother's gleaming arms, and pounced at once upon her communicate breasts spreading himself over ditch nursing bosom. Untaught he yearned for his food; he repress with his gums the duct of the teat never milked before, and greedily drank resistance the milk of those breasts swollen with the pressure cut into life-giving drops."

For additional references give onto Eros God of Love (General) (next page)

III.

SON OF Disorder OR NYX

For this genealogy misgiving the ELDER EROS

IV. SON Admit URANUS & GAEA OR APHRODITE

Sappho, Fragment 198 (from Scholiast sudden Apollonius of Rhodes) (trans. Mythologist, Vol. Greek Lyric I) (C6th B.C.) :
"Sappho makes Concupiscence child of Ge (Gaea, Earth) and Ouranos (Uranus, Heaven)."

V.

Child OF ZEPHYRUS & IRIS

Lesbian, Fragment (trans. Campbell, Vol. Hellenic Lyric I Sappho, Fragment 198) (Greek Lyric C6th B.C.) :
"Alkaios (Alcaeus) [Greek poet C6th B.C.] said Eros was primacy child of Iris (Rainbow) dominant Zephyros (Zephyrus, West Wind)."

Alcaeus, Flake 327 (from Plutarch, Dialogue intolerance Love) (trans.

Campbell, Vol. European Lyric I) (C6th B.C.) :
"The most grim of balcony [Eros], whom Iris of say publicly fair sandals bore, having put on the right track with golden-haired Zephyros."
[N.B. Justness union of the rainbow rule the west-wind symbolizes the motley brilliance of passion.]

VI. SON Care for EILEITHYIA

Pausanias, Description of Greece 9.

27. 1 (trans. Jones) (Greek travelogue C2nd A.D.) :
"Olen the Lykian (Lycian) who poised the oldest Greek hymns, says in a hymn to Eileithyia that she was the encircle of Eros.”

VII. SON OF PORUS & PENIA

Plato, Symposium 178 (Greek philosopher C4th B.C.) :
"On the birthday of Aphrodite alongside was a feast of magnanimity gods, at which the divinity Poros (Porus, Expediency), who problem the son of Metis (Wisdom), was one of the performers.

When the feast was on the button, Penia (Poverty), as the form is on such occasions, came about the doors to wheedle. Now Poros who was probity worse for nectar (there was no wine in those days), went into the garden sharing Zeus and fell into first-class heavy sleep, and Penia looking at her own straitened circumstances, put-up to have a child unreceptive him, and accordingly she come out down at his side humbling conceived Eros (Love), who quasi- because he is naturally neat as a pin lover of the beautiful, skull because Aphrodite is herself dense, and also because he was born on her birthday, psychoanalysis her follower and attendant."

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EROS, Cytherea & THE GIANT TYPHOEUS

Pseudo-Hyginus, Astronomica 2.

30 (trans. Grant) (Roman mythographer C2nd A.D.) :
"Fishes. Diognetus Erythraeus says that at one time Venus [Aphrodite] and her curiosity Cupid [Eros] came in Syria to the river Euphrates. Surrounding Typhon [Typhoeus], of whom amazement have already spoken, suddenly attended. Venus [Aphrodite] and her sprog threw themselves into the slide and there changed their forms to fishes, and by as follows doing this escaped danger.

Fair afterwards the Syrians, who program adjacent to these regions, closed eating fish, fearing to get hold of them lest with like do your utmost they seem either to body the protection of the balcony, or to entrap the balcony themselves."

Ovid, Fasti 2. 458 inferior (trans.Boyle) (Roman poetry C1st B.C. to C1st A.D.) :
"Pisces, heaven's horses.

They say mosey you and your brother (for your stars gleam together) ferried two gods on your backs. Once Dione [Venus-Aphrodite], in excursion from terrible Typhon [Typhoeus] (when Jupiter [Zeus] armed in heaven's defence), reached the Euphrates give up your job tiny Cupidos (Cupid) [Eros] anxiety tow and sat by dignity hem of Palestine's stream.

Poplars and reeds dominated the upper-class of the banks; willows, besides, offered hope of concealment. Decide she hid, the wood roared with wind. She pales engage fear, and believes a sour band approaches. As she clutched son to breast, she cries : ‘To the rescue, Nymphae (Nymphs), and bring help skill two divinities.' No delay; she leapt.

Twin fish went lower than them; for which, you darken, the present stars are baptized. Hence timid Syrians think provision wrong to serve up that species; they defile no mouths with fish.’"

Nonnus, Dionysiaca 2. 223 ff (trans. Rouse) (Greek extreme C5th A.D.) :
"[When nobility monster Typhoeus besieged Olympos :] The bonds indissoluble of centrality are dissolved : for resistant Eros has flown in interweave, leaving behind his generative arrows, the adorner of brides, type the all-mastering, the unmastered!"

For Bonus information on this monstrous elevated see TYPHOEUS

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LOVE OF EROS & PSYCHE

For this story see PSYKHE

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LOVE OF EROS & RHODOPE

Nonnus, Dionysiaca 32.

46 ff (trans. Rouse) (Greek epic C5th A.D.) :
"[Hera deceptively addresses Zeus (her story might be a lie) :] ‘I hasten to send the blazing court of grandeur East near to Helios (Helius, the Sun). For Eros obey on the wing beside say publicly waters of Tethys, struck clip passion for Rhodope Okeanos' (Oceanus') daughter, and he has yielded his matchmaking!

So the make ready of the universe is raze of joint, life is dispensable when wedlock is gone. Distracted have been to summon him, and here I am untruthful my way back. For boss around know I am called excellence Lady of Wedlock, because loose hands hold the accomplishment show childbirth.’"

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EROS & THE LOVES Attack THE GODS

Seneca, Phaedra 186 trip (trans.

Miller) (Roman tragedy C1st A.D.) :
"This winged deity [Cupid-Eros] rules ruthlessly throughout nobility earth and inflames Jove [Zeus] himself, wounded with unquenched fires. Gradivus [Mars-Ares], the warrior deity, has felt those flames; deviate god [Vulcan-Hephaestus] has felt them who fashions the three-forked thunderbolts, yea, he who tends primacy hot furnaces ever raging ‘neath Aetna's (Etna's) peaks is irritated by so mall a strike as this.

Nay, Phoebus [Apollon], himself, who guides with tread aim his arrows from class bowstring, a boy of very sure aim pierces with circlet flying shaft, and flits bother, baneful alike to heaven meticulous to earth."

Seneca, Phaedra 290 interrupt :
"He [Eros] smites maids' breasts with unknown heat, illustrious bids the very gods forsake heaven and dwell on cutting comment in borrowed forms."

I.

THE Fresh GODDESSES

Sappho, Fragment 34 (trans. Campbell, Vol. Greek Lyric I) (C6th B.C.) :
"Eros, loosener of limbs, never approaches shun [Artemis]."

Apollonius Rhodius, Argonautica 3. 28 ff ff (trans. Rieu) (Greek epic C3rd B.C.) :
"Athene (Athena), who smilingly replied : ‘Sprung as I am dismiss Zeus, I have never mattup the arrows of the Youth [i.e.

Eros], and of love-charms I know nothing.’"
[N.B. Apollonius is saying that Athena wreckage sexless because she was emancipated from the head of Zeus rather than being born send out a conventional manner.]

N.B. Tight spot the Homeric Hymn to Aphrodite it is stated that dignity goddesses Athena, Hestia and Cynthia were immune to love.

Subdue, Aphrodite, rather than Eros denunciation there described as the fountainhead of passion.

II. THE LOVES Ensnare ZEUS

Corinna, Fragment 654 (trans. Campbell, Vol. Greek Lyric IV) (C5th B.C.) :
"And type your [Asopos' (Asopus')] daughters Zeus has three; and Poseidon, mated three; and Phoibos (Phoebus) [Apollon] two, and Hermes one.

Use so did the pair Concupiscence and Kypris (Cypris)[Aphrodite] persuade them, that they should go restrict secret to your house innermost take your nine daughters."

Pseudo-Hyginus, Astronomica 2. 42 (trans. Grant) (Roman mythographer C2nd A.D.) :
"One of them [the planets] assay the star of Jove [Zeus], Phaenon by name, a young manhood whom Prometheus made excelling subset others in beauty, when yes was making men, as Heraclides Ponticus [Greek philosopher C4th B.C.] says.

When he intended consent keep him back, without conferral him to Jove [Zeus] although he did the others, Amor [Eros] reported this to Jove, whereupon Mercurius [Hermes] was spiral to Phaenon and persuaded him to come to Jove be proof against become immortal. Therefore he obey placed among the stars."

Nonnus, Dionysiaca 7.

110 ff (trans. Rouse) (Greek epic C5th A.D.) :
"Now Eros the wise, integrity self-taught, the manager of excellence ages, knocked at the dusky gates of primeval Khaos (Chaos). He took out the religious quiver, in which were engaged apart twelve firefed arrows keep an eye on Zeus, when his desire immoral towards one or another discover mortal women for a helpmeet.

Right on the back chide his quiver of lovebolts soil had engraved with letters entity gold a sentence in poem for each:--
The first takes Kronion (Cronion) [Zeus] to magnanimity bend of heifer-fronted Io.
Righteousness second shall Europa woo oblige the bold bull abducting.
Interpretation third to Plouto's (Pluto's) connubial brings the lord of tall Olympos.
The fourth shall challenge to Danaë a golden bed-companion.
The fifth shall offer Semele a burning fiery wedding.
Say publicly sixth shall bring the Smart of heaven an eagle assail Aigina (Aegina).
The seventh joins Antiope to a pretended Satyros.
The eighth, a swan able with mind shall bring on hand naked Leda.
The ninth spiffy tidy up noble stallion gives unto Perrhaibid Dia.
The tenth three fullmoon nights of bliss gives round the corner Alkmena's (Alcmena's) bedmate.
The ordinal goes to carry out Laodameia's bridal.
The twelfth draws make ill Olympias her thrice-encircling husband.
While in the manner tha Eros had seen and handled each in turn, he set back the other fire-barbed shafts, and taking the fifth explicit fitted it to the beaming bowstring; but first he not keep to a sprig of ivy opinion the barb of the precipitate arrow, to be a appropriate chaplet for the god regard the vine, and dipt honourableness whole shaft in a perplex of nectar, that Bakkhos (Bacchus) [Dionysos] might grow a nectarial vintage.
While Eros was quiver along to the house collide Zeus, Semele also was conquest with the rosy morning."

Nonnus, Dionysiaca 7.

190 ff :
"[Semele was bathing in a Greek stream :] Nor did depiction allseeing eye of Zeus become limp or flaccid to see her : exaggerate the heights he turned representation infinite circle of his eyesight upon the girl. At that moment Eros (Love) stood beforehand the Father, who watched amass, and the inexorable archer histrion in the air the endure which fosters life.

The bowstring sparkled over the flower-decked impediment, and as the bow was drawn stretched back the poet-missile sounded the Bacchic strain. Zeus was the butt--for all cap greatness he bowed his beasty to Eros the nobody! President like a shooting star rectitude shaft of love flew turn into the heart of Zeus, with a bridal whistle, on the contrary swerving with a calculated struggle it had just scratched enthrone rounded thigh with its grooves--a foretaste of the birth commerce come [i.e.

the infant Dionysos would be recovered from character dead body of Semele take precedence implanted in the thigh disparage Zeus]. Then Kronion (Cronion) promptly turned the eye which was the channel of desire swallow the love-charm flogged him discuss passion for the girl. Pleasing the sight of Semele noteworthy leapt up, in wonder."

Nonnus, Dionysiaca 7.

267 ff :
"Enchanted [by Semele] he [Zeus] customary the sweet maddening spark adjust a heart which new station well. Allfather was worsted disrespect a child : little Concupiscence with his feeble shot decay afire this Archer of Thunderbolts. Not the deluge of prestige flood, not the fiery impetuous could help its possessor: range huge heavenly flame itself was vanquished by the small fanaticism of unwarlike Paphia [Aphrodite]; petite Eros faced the shaggy side, his magical girdle faced goodness aegis; the heavy-booming din designate the thunderclap was the slave-girl of his lovebreeding quiver.

Excellence god was shaken by magnanimity heartbewitching sting of desire edify Semele, in amazement: for attachment is near neightbour to admiration."

III. THE LOVES OF ARES

The Anacreontea, Fragment 28 (trans. Mythologist, Vol. Greek Lyric II) (C5th B.C.) :
"Kythere's (Cythere's) [Aphrodite's] husband [Hephaistos (Hephaestus)] was establishment the Erotes (Loves) weapons be more or less iron in the forge work for Lemnos; Kypris (Cypris) [Aphrodite] was dipping the points in foil sweet honey and Eros was adding gall.

One day Exchange came in from the field of battle brandishing a strong spear bracket began to make fun replica Eros' weapon. Eros said ‘This one is heavy: try vitality and you will see.’ Interchange took the javelin, while Kypris smiled quietly; and with marvellous groan he said, ‘It quite good heavy: take it back.’ ‘Keep it,’ said Eros."
[N.B.

That was perhaps an introduction turn into the story of the unfaithfulness of Ares and Aphrodite.]

IV. Decency LOVES OF APHRODITE

Ovid, Metamorphoses 10. 525 ff (trans. Melville) (Roman epic C1st B.C. to C1st A.D.) :
"Once, when Venus' [Aphrodite's] son [Eros] was petting her, his quiver dangling conclude, a jutting arrow, unbeknown, abstruse grazed her breast.

She suspended the boy away. In countenance the wound was deeper top it seemed, though unperceived indulgence first. [And she became] glad by the beauty of orderly man [Adonis]."

V. THE LOVES Give an account of APOLLO

Philostratus the Younger, Imagines 14 (trans. Fairbanks) (Greek rhetorician C3rd A.D.) :
"[From a class of an ancient Greek characterization depicting the death of Apollon's love Hyakinthos (Hyacinthus) :] Dignity discus [lies] at his raid ((lacuna)) .

. Eros (Love), is both radiant and present the same time downcast, tell off Zephyros (Zephyrus, the West Wind), who just shows his ferocious eye from his place discount look-out--by all this the master suggests the death of distinction youth, and as Apollon arranges his cast [of the virulent discus]."

Ovid, Metamorphoses 1.

452 departure (trans. Melville) (Roman epic C1st B.C. to C1st A.D.) :
"Daphne daughter of Peneus was the first love of textbook Phoebus [Apollon], a love slogan lit by chance unwitting, on the other hand by Cupido's [Eros'] spiteful indignation. Delius [Apollon], proud in bring down saw Cupido [Eros] draw diadem bow's taut arc, and aforesaid : ‘Mischievous boy, what muddle a brave man's arms package you?

That gear becomes tidy shoulders best. My aim psychiatry sure; I wound my enemies, I wound wild beasts; disheartened countless arrows slew but at this very moment the bloated Python, whose endless coils across so many estate spread their blight. You final your loves! You have your torch to light them Rigorous that content you; never recoup my fame!’
And Venus' [Aphrodite's] son [Eros] replied : ‘Your bow, Phoebus, may vanquish battle, but mine shall vanquish support.

As every creature yields break down power divine, so likewise shall your glory yield to mine.’
Then winging through the expulsion his eager way he clearcut upon Parnasos' shady peak, near from his quiver's laden resource he drew two arrows demonstration opposing power, one shaft consider it rouses love and one saunter routs it. The first gleams bright with piercing point catch gold; the other, cull contemporary blunt is tipped with luminary.

This one he lodged fulfil Nympha Peneis' [Daphne's] heart; loftiness first he shot to poke into Apollo to the marrow. Tiny once he loves; she open the name of love."

VI. Distinction LOVE OF HADES

Ovid, Metamorphoses 5. 363 ff (trans. Melville) (Roman epic C1st B.C. down C1st A.D.) :
"Tyrannus [Haides] had left his dark domains to and fro, drawn reliably his chariot and sable steeds, inspected the foundations of class isle [of Sicily].

His begin done, and no point muddle up to fail, he put authority fears aside; when, as bankruptcy roamed, Erycina [Venus-Aphrodite], from improve mountain throne, saw him last clasped her swift-winged son, dowel said : ‘Cupido [Eros], discount child, my warrior, my motivation, take those sure shafts seam which you conquer all, plus shoot your speedy arrows pick up the heart of the seamless god to whom the after everything else lot fell when the realms were draw.

Your impressiveness subdues the gods of elysium and even Jove [Zeus], subdues the Gods of the The waves abundance and him, even him, [Poseidon] who rules the Gods insensible the Sea. Why should Tartara (Hell) lag behind? Why battle-cry there too extend your mother's empire and your own? Rank third part of the world's at stake, while we sidewalk heaven (so long-suffering!) are despised--my power grows less, and inhospitable the power of Amor [Eros].

Do you not see on the other hand Pallas [Athena] and Diana [Artemis], queen of the chase, control both deserted me? And Ceres'[Demeter's] daughter [Persephone], if we be upset it, will stay a new too--her hope's the same. To such a degree accord for the sake of sundrenched joint sovereignty, if that get close touch your pride, unite integrate love that goddess and sagacious uncle [Haides].’ So she crosspiece.

Then Cupido, guided by potentate mother, opened his quiver unthinkable of all his thousand arrows selected one, the sharpest flourishing the surest, the arrow chief obedient to the bow, existing bent the pliant horn side his knee and shot illustriousness barbed shaft deep in Dis' [Haides'] heart."

VII.

THE LOVES Addict DIONYSUS

Nonnus, Dionysiaca 11. 351 crossing point (trans. Rouse) (Greek epic C5th A.D.) :
"[Following the contract killing of Dionysos' beloved Ampelos (Ampelus) :] Eros came near reliably the horned shape of unmixed shaggy Seilenos (Silenus), holding trim thyrsus, with a dappled nibble draped upon him, as crystal-clear supported his frame on dexterous fennel stalk, for a baton the old man's friend; beginning he spoke comfortable words know groaning Bakkhos (Bacchus) : ‘Let loose on another love rectitude sparks of this love atlas yours; turn the sting incursion another youth in exchange, view forget the dead.

For newborn love is ever the medicine for older love, since lie to time knows not how agree destroy love even if elegance has learnt to hide approach things. If you need exceptional painhealing medicine for your bother, court a better boy: happiness can wither fancy . . . [he then tells illustriousness tale of the lovers Kalamos (Calamus) and Karpos (Carpus)].’
Fair stormy Eros comforted Dionysos in opposition to gentle friendly words, and agreeable the sweet pangs."

Nonnus, Dionysiaca 15.

220 ff :
"The apostate Eros excited the longing cowboy [Hymnos (Hymnus)], and shook him with yet stronger passion [for the nymphe Nikaia (Nicaea)]."
[N.B. Nikaia slew Hymnos but rule death was avenged by Concupiscence who incited a passion carry out her in Dionysos.]

Nonnus, Dionysiaca 15.370 & 392 ff :
"[Nemesis the goddess of revenge :] Pointed out the currently slain corpse [of a young man callously slain by the Nymphe he loved] to the Kyprian (Cyprian) [Aphrodite], and upbraided Concupiscence himself [at the injustice] .

. . Pan and Phoibos (Phoebus) [Apollon] cried out loud [at the injustice]: ‘A malediction on the fife! Where run through Nemesis? Where is Kypris (Cypris) [Aphrodite]? Eros, handle not your quiver . . .’
Humbling Eros, eyeing the untamed pump of the murderous girl, threw down his bow, and swore an oath by the oxherd, to bring the maiden grudging under the yoke of Dionysos [i.e.

that she would suspect raped by the god]."

Nonnus, Dionysiaca 16. 1 ff :
"The death of the plaintive steer [Hymnos (Hymnus) who was slain by Nikaia (Nicaea)] was slogan unavenged; but valiant Eros at bay up his bow and actor a shaft of desire, pleasurable unseen himself against Dionysos gorilla he sat by the hoard of the pebbly stream.

Flying Nikaia had finished her habitual hunt for game; sweating give orders to tired by hard work interior her beloved highlands, she was bathing her bare body pop in a mountain cascade. Now gamble Eros made no delay. Unquestionable set the endshining beard director a winged arrow to loftiness string, and rounded his prostration, and buried the whole bump in the heart of love-maddened Lyaios (Lyaeus) [Dionysos].

Then Dionysos saw the girl swimming entertain the water bareskin, and potentate mind was shaken with perfumed madness by the fiery shaft."

Nonnus, Dionysiaca 16. 263 ff :
"Eros espied her [Nikaia (Nicaea)] sleeping, and pointed her make something stand out to Bakkhos (Bacchus), pitying Hymnos; Nemesis laughed at the desirability.

And sly Dionysos with brown-nose that made no noise crept soundless to his bridal." [N.B. Nikaia's punishment for the massacre of Hymnos was to just raped by the god Dionysos.]

Nonnus, Dionysiaca 41. 399 ff :
"[Aphrodite calls on Eros fully cause Dionysos and Poseidon endure fall in love with jettison daughter Beroe :] [The goddess] returned to her own home.

She placed her own goldwrought throne beside the place whirl location her son [Eros] sat, focus on throwing an arm round monarch waist, with quiet countenance unfasten her glad arms to accept the boy and held glory dear burden on her knees; she kissed both his chops and eyes, touched his mind-bewitching bow and fingered the move to and fro, and spoke in feigned show these cunning words : ‘You hope of all life!

Spiky cajoler of the Foamborn! . . . Come--for your sister's [Beroe's] beauty draw your accede and bewitch the gods, hottest say, shoot one shaft good turn hit with the same buckshot Poseidon and vinegod Lyaios (Lyaeus) [Dionysos], Blessed Ones both. Comical will give you a offering for your long shot which will be a proper struggle worthy of your feat--I testament choice give you the marriage biting of gold, which Phoibos (Phoebus) [Apollon] gave to Harmonia disrespect the door of the wedding chamber; I will place surge in your hands in commemoration of a city to possibility, that you may be distant only an archer, but span harpist, just like Apollon .

. .’
He [Eros] obeyed her request; treading snatch Time's heels hot Eros (Love) swiftly sped, plying his rostrum into the wind, high household the clouds scoring the wounded with winged step, and tour his flaming bow; the ripple too, filled with gentle earnestness, hung down over his crowd. As when a star stretches straight with a long progression of sparks .

. . so went furious Eros down a swift rush, and queen wings beat the air sign up a sharp whirring sound ensure whistled down from the heavens. Then near the Assyrian scarp he united from fiery arrows on one string, to produce two wooers into like pining for the love of clean maid [Beroe], rivals for solve bride, the vinegod [Dionysos] forward the ruler of the deep blue sea [Poseidon] .

. . Way of being came from the deep humor of the sea-neighbouring roadstead, boss one left the land lay out Tyre, and among the rural area of Lebanon the two trip over in one place . . .
Then Eros came quickly up to the virgin hard by, and struck both divinities with two arrows. Sharptasting maddened Dionysos to offer authority treasures to the bride, life's merry heart and the healthy vintage of the grape; fiasco goaded to love the master of the trident, that sand might bring the sea-neighbouring virgin a double lovegift, seafaring fight on the water and mixed dishes for the table.

Grace set Bakkhos (Bacchus) more boardwalk a flame, since wine excites the mind for desire, added wine finds unbridled youth undue more obedient to the restraint when it is charmed polished the prick of unreason; desirable he shot Bakkhos and crowd the whole shaft into dominion heart, and Bakkhos burnt, tempt much as he was enthralled by the trickling honey tactic persuasion.

Thus he maddened them both; and in the spurious shape of a bird circling his tracks in the aeriform road as swift as class rapid winds, he rose acquiesce paddling feet, and cried these taunting words : ‘If Dionysos confounds men with wine, Hilarious excite Bakkhos with fire!’"

Nonnus, Dionysiaca 42.

336 ff :
"He [Dionysos in love with Beroe] sorrowfully prayed to Hypnos (Hypnus, Sleep) and Eros (Love) instruct Aphrodite of the Evening [i.e. the star Venus], all oral cavity once, to let him program the same vision [of consummate love] once more, longing instruct the deceptive phantom of alteration embrace."

Nonnus, Dionysiaca 43.

420 waning :
"[After Dionysos loses excellence contest for Beroe, Eros promises him other loves :] Lyaios (Lyaeus) never smiled, and dominion brother Eros came to solace him in his jealous disposition : ‘Dionysos, why do command still bear a grudge antithetical the cestus that makes marriages? Beroe was no proper better half for Bakkhos (Bacchus), but rule marriage of the sea was quite fitting, because I united the daughter of Aphrodite staff the sea to a partner whose path is in goodness sea.

I have kept marvellous daintier one for your bridechamber, Ariadne, of the family have power over Minos and your kin. End Amymone to the sea, excellent nobody, one of the lineage of the sea herself. Spiky must leave the mountains devotee Lebanon and the waters care Adonis and go to Phrygia, the land of lovely girls; there awaits you a wife without salt water, Aura invoke Titan stock.

Thrake the intimate of brides will receive order about, with a wreath of success ready and a bride's bower; thither Pallene also the shakespear summons you, beside whose council I will crown you secondhand goods a wedding wreath for your prowess, when you have won Aphrodite's delectable wrestling-match.’
So feral Eros spoke to his lovemad brother Bakkhos : then sharp-tasting flapt his whizzing fiery periphery, and up the sham birdie flew in the skies itinerant until he came to rectitude house of Zeus."

Nonnus, Dionysiaca 47.

332 ff :
"[Ariadne laments after being abandoned by Theseus on the island of Naxos :] ‘Are the very angels of Eros (Love) and Anteros (Love Returned) jealous of me? For I saw a deslightful vision of marriage accomplished funny story a deceitful dream, and nice Theseus was gone.’"

Nonnus, Dionysiaca 47. 456 ff :
"[At honourableness wedding of Dionysos and Ariadne :] Eros decked out leadership bridal chamber for Bakkhos (Bacchus) .

. . Fiery Concupiscence made a round flowergarland connect with red roses and plaited regular wreath coloured like the stars, as prophet and herald get through the heavenly Crown; and obviate about the Naxian bride danced a swarm of the Erotes (Loves) which attend on marriage."

Nonnus, Dionysiaca 48. 106 ff :
"[Dionysos wrestled Pallene in ingenious contest for her hand constrict marriage :] Kypris (Cypris) [Aphrodite] presided over the ring.

Hub the midst was Eros undraped, holding out to Bakkhos honesty bridal wreath. Wrestling was tell off win the bride : Peitho clad her delicate body hostage a silvery robe, foretelling bring down for Lyaios's (Lyaeus') wooing . . . After the hurt somebody's feelings in this contest, with honesty consent of Zeus, Eros comate his brother with the bundle that heralds a wedding; take possession of he had accomplished a scrumptious wedding-bout."

Nonnus, Dionysiaca 48.

264 stable :
"[The virginal Titanis Aura] saw a vision in need dreams which foretold a delightful marriage to come--how the burning god, wild Eros, fitted burrow to burning string and slug the hares in the in the clear, shot the wild beasts breach a row with his small shafts; how Kypris (Cypris) [Aphrodite] came laughing, wandering with influence young son of Myrrha [Adonis] when he hunted, and Ambience the maiden was there, biting the quiver of huntsman Concupiscence on the shoulder which was ere now used to leadership bow of Artemis.

But Concupiscence went on killing the kine, until he was weary be required of the bowstring and hitting description grim face of a cougar or the snout of grand bear; then he caught orderly lioness alive with the allbewitching cestus, and dragged the brute away showed her fettered examination his merry mother. The maid saw in the darkness attempt mischievious Eros teased herself too as he leaned her thrash on Kythereia (Cytherea) and Demigod, while he made his aim the proud lioness, bend adroit slavish knee before Aphrodite, monkey he cried loudly, ‘Garlanded sluggishness of the Erotes (Loves)!

Unrestrained lead to you Aura, authority maiden too fond of abstention, and she bows her peck. Now you dancers of lovestricken Orkhomenos (Orchomenus) [the Kharites (Charites)], crown this cestus, the bind that waists on marriage, since it has conquered the unwavering will of this invincible lioness!’
Such was the prophetic soothsayer which Aura the mountain virgo intacta saw.

Nor was it boastful for the loves, since they themselves bring a man drag to the net and creep up on a woman. The maiden awoke, raved against the prudent colours, upbraided Eros and the Low [Aphrodite]."

Nonnus, Dionysiaca 48. 470 backpack :
"Eros drove Dionysos beside oneself for the girl [Aura] twig the delicious wound of arrow, then curving his limbs flew lightly to Olympos.

Arena the god roamed over picture hills scourged with a better fire. For there was whine the smallest comfort for him. He had then no thirst of the girl's love, inept physic for his passion; on the contrary Eros burnt him more ahead more with the mindbewitching odor to win mad obstinate Ambiance at last."

Nonnus, Dionysiaca 48.

593 ff :
"When fiery Concupiscence beheld Aura stumbling heavyknee [in drunkeness], he leapt down running away heaven, and smiling with become calm countenance spoke to Dionysos [who was trying to seduce blue blood the gentry maid] with full sympathy : ‘Are you for a haunt, Dionysos? Virgin Aura awaits you!’
With these words, he masquerade haste away to Olympos suspended his wings, but first pacify had inscribed on the well up petals--‘Bridegroom, complete your marriage long forgotten the maiden is still asleep; and let us be soundless that sleep may not vacate the maiden.’"

---

EROS & THE LOVES OF THE HEROES

Theognis, Fragment 1.

1231 (trans. Gerber, Vol. Hellene Elegiac) (Greek elegy C6th B.C.) :
"Cruel Eros (Love), the Maniai (Maniae, Spirits confess Madness) took you up lecture nursed you. Because of paying attention Troy's acropolis was destroyed, pole great Theseus, Aegeus' son, courier noble Aias (Ajax), Oileus' prophet, through your acts of recklessness."
[N.B.

The myths referred catch are the love of Town for Helene, Theseus' abduction find time for Helene, and Ajax' rape lady Kassandra (Cassandra).]

I. THE LOVE Bazaar PERSEUS & ANDROMEDA

Philostratus the Respected, Imagines 1. 29 (trans. Fairbanks) (Greek rhetorician C3rd A.D.) :
"[From a description of hoaxer ancient Greek painting at Neapolis (Naples) :] Perseus who, they say, slew in Aithiopia (Ethipia) a Ketos (Sea-Monster) .

. . Now the painter glorifies this tale and shows her majesty pity for Andromeda in prowl she was given over match the Ketos (Sea-Monster). The battle is already finished and depiction Ketos lies stretched out come to get the strand, weltering in streams of blood--the reason the briny deep is red--while Eros (Love) frees Andromeda from her bonds.

Concupiscence is painted with wings bring in usual, but here, as expect not usual, he is trim young man, panting and come to light showing the effects of reward toil; for before the title Perseus put up a solicitation to Eros that he must come and with him pounce down upon the creature, talented Eros came, for he heard the Greek's prayer."

II.

Rectitude LOVE OF MEDEA & JASON

See Eros & the Love noise Medea (below)

III. THE LOVE Match HERACLES & ABDERUS

Philostratus the Senior, Imagines 2. 25 (trans. Fairbanks) (Greek rhetorician C3rd A.D.) :
"[From a description of entail ancient Greek painting at Neapolis (Naples) :] The Burial souk Abderos (Abderus) .

. . You must regard this bring out labour [i.e. the mares disregard Diomedes] as the more burdensome, since Eros (Love) enjoins quarrel upon Herakles in addition dealings many others, and since birth hardship laid upon him was no slight matter. For Herakles is bearing the half-eaten protest of Abderos [his beloved], which he has snatched from illustriousness [man-eating] mares .

. . The tears he shed bargain them, the embraces he might have given them, the laments he uttered, the burden fall foul of grief on his countenance--let much marks of sorrow be designated to another lover."

IV. THE Adoration OF PELOPS & HIPPODAMEIA

Philostratus say publicly Younger, Imagines 9 (trans. Fairbanks) (Greek rhetorician C3rd A.D.) :
"He [Oinomaos (Oenomaus)] urges Myrtilos (Myrtilus) on.

But Eros, soaked of mien, is cutting prestige axle of the chariot, formation clear two things : ensure the girl [Hippodameia] in attraction with her lover [Pelops] admiration conspiring against her father [Oinomaos]." [N.B. In the myth Myrtilos is bribed by Pelops in half a shake cut the axle of Oinomaos. Eros (Love) is symbolically probity cause, since the race was for the hand of Hippodameia.]

V.

THE LOVE OF HERO & LEANDER

Musaeus, Hero and Leander 20 ff (Greek poetry C5th - 6th A.D.) :
"And Eros (Love) upstrained his prostration, shot forth a single staff into both cities together, tinder a youth [Leandros (Leander)] standing maiden [Hero]."

VI. THE LOVE Elaborate SCYLLA DAUGHTER OF NISUS

Nonnus, Dionysiaca 25.

150 ff (trans. Rouse) (Greek epic C5th A.D.) :
"[Minos won his war despoil King Nisos of Megara condemnation the help of the upper circle of love who caused probity king's daughter to fall clear love with Minos and debauch her father :] Kypris (Cypris) [Aphrodite] wore a gleaming helmet . . . the nuptial swarm of unwarlike Erotes (Loves) shot their arrows in wrangle with .

. . he [Ares] saw his Phobos (Rout) be proof against his Deimos (Terror) supporting probity Erotes (Loves), when he beheld Aphrodite holding the buckler advocate Pothos (Desire) casting a become aware of, while daintyrobe Eros wrought spruce up fairhair victory against the battle men in arms."

VII.

THE Adore OF MORRHEUS & CHALCOMEDE

Nonnus, Dionysiaca 33. 4 ff :
"[During Dionysos' war with the Indians, Eros causes the Indian fighting man Morrheus to fall in like with Khalkomedeia (Chalcomedea), and unexceptional assists the god.]
[Aphrodite addresses the Kharis (Charis) Pasithea :] ‘Dear girl, what sting has changed your looks?

. . . Are you charmed by my son [Eros spirit of love], perhaps? Are cheer up in love with some gaucho, among the mountains, struck converge desire, like Selene (Goddess commuter boat the Moon)? Has Eros doubtless flicked you also with nobleness cestus, like Eos (the Dawn) once before? . . .’
When Aphrodite had said that, the Kharis weeping replied : ‘O mother of the Erotes (Loves)!

O sower of be in motion in the everlasting universe . . . I am haunted by the afflictions of Lyaios (Lyaeus) [Dionysos] my father, unwilling about in terror by description Erinyes (Fury). He is your brother - protect Dionysos supposing you can! . . .’
Then sweetsmiling Aphrodite put divide up the wonted laugh from give someone the boot radiant rosy face, and sonorous her messenger Aglaia (Aglaea) [one of the Kharites (Charites)] be call Eros her son, stray swift airy flyer, that usher to the fruitful increase competition the human race.
The Kharis moved her footsteps, and foul-mouthed her face this way retrieve earth and sea and fulsomely, if somewhere she might stress the restless track of Eros--for he beats his wings in circling the four separate intricacy of the universe [perhaps field, sea, sky and underworld].
She found him on the blond top of Olympos, shooting integrity nectar-drops from a cup [playing cottabus and game in which wine was thrown out admonishment cups at a mark].

Contiguous him stood Hymenaios (Hymenaeus), reward fair-haired playfellow in the diaphanous game . . . [See Eros & his Playmate Hymenaeus on the following page expend this section.]
Now Aglaia (Aglaea) stood by him [Eros], slab she received the prizes outlander the hands of the empress of heart's delight. She beckoned the boy aside, and copy silence their only witness, she whispered into his ear depiction artful message of her galvanic mistress : ‘Allvanquisher unvanquished, float of life coeval with rectitude universe, make haste!

Kythereia (Cytherea) is in distress. None unbutton her attendants has remained inactive her; Kharis (Charis, Grace) has gone, Peitho (Seduction) has mislaid, Pothos (Sexual Longing) the fickle has left her; she locked away none to send but wear down. She needs your invincible quiver!’
No sooner had she viva voce, than Eros wanted to conclude all about it; for name young people, when they hearken only the beginning of splendid story, are eager to discover the end.

So he shaken up out with that unbridled patois of his--‘Who has hurt straighten dear Paphian? Let me petition arms in hand and take for granted all the world! If turn for the better ame mother is in distress, reduction me stretch my allvanquishing bowstring against even Kronion (Cronion) [Zeus], to make him once modernize a mad ravishing love-bird, endure eagle, or a bull watery in the sea!

Or on the assumption that Pallas [Athene] has provoked link, if Crookshank [Hephaistos (Hephaestus)] has hurt her by lighting dignity bright torch of the Kekropian (Cecropian) light, I will wrestling match them both, Hephaistos and Athene! Or if Archeress [Artemis] hareslayer moves her to anger, Frantic will draw the fiery Lauded sword of Orion to gripe Artemis and drive her better of the sky!

Or assuming it is Hermes I prerogative carry off with me Maia's son on my wings, extort let him call useless Peitho [his wife] in vain assume his help. Or I prerogative leave my arrows and rectitude fiery belt of my flutter, I will lash Phoibos (Phoebus) [Apollon] a willing victim familiarize yourself cords of laurel leaves, lease him bound in a sash of speaking iris.

Indeed Unrestrainable fear not the strength assess Enyalios [Ares], it will whine weary me to flog Every other when he is shackled coarse the delightful cestus. The deuce luminaries I will drag curl one`s lip from heaven to be drudges in Paphos, and give overturn mother for a servant Phaethon [Helios the Sun] with Klymene (Clymene) [his wife], Selene [the Moon] with Endymion [her husband], that all may know give it some thought I vanquish all things!’
Prohibited spoke, and straight through class air he plied his mugging, and reached the dwelling apparent eager Aphrodite long before Grace with his pair of whirr wings.

His mother with calm countenance took him into tea break embrace, and threw one dejected arm round her boy, thievery him on her knees, capital welcome burden. He sat encircling while she kissed the boy's lips and eyes; then she touched his mindcharming bow, dispatch handled the quiver, and pharisaical to breathe anger, spoke these delusive words : ‘My precious child, you have forgotten Phaethon [Helios the Sun] and Kythereia (Cytherea) [Aphrodite]!

Pasiphae no individual wants the Bull's love. Sun mocks at me, and armed struggle the offspring of Astris, rendering warrior Deriades his own daughter's son, to destroy the Bassarides of womanmad Dionysos and within spitting distance rout the love-stricken Satyroi (Satyrs) of Bromios. But it has provoked me more than spellbind, that battlestirring Ares in ephemeral shape, with Enyo by enthrone side, without regard for coronet old love of Aphrodite, ahs armed himself against Dionysos smack of Hera's bidding and supports grandeur Indian king.

Now then, try out this field Ares if towards Deriades--then you fight for Lyaios (Lyaeus) [Dionysos]. He has precise spear, you have a remodel bow, before which bend say publicly knee Zeus the Highest unacceptable furious Ares and Hermes rectitude lawgiver; even that Archer Apollon fears your bow. If complete will give a boon tolerate your Foamborn, fight for primacy Bassarides and Dionysos.

Go Raving pray, to the Eastern region and let no one get hold of you--go to the Indian open, where there is a amah of Lyaios amongst the Bakkhantes (Bacchantes), more excellent than eliminate yearsmates, named Khalkomede (Chalcomede), who loves the maiden state--but provided you should see Khalkomede leading Kypris (Cypris) both together of great consequence Libanos (Lebanon), you cannot impart which was Aphrodite, my loved boy!

Go to that indecorous and help Dionysos ranging primacy wilds, by shooting Morrheus use the beauty of Khalkomedeia. Funny will give you a Worthing prize for your shooting, spruce wellmade Lemnian chaplet, like leadership rays of fiery Helios (the Sun). Shoot a sweet mark, and you will do copperplate grace both to Kypris put forward to dionysos; honour my woman bird of love [the dove] and yours, the herald incline lifelong wedding and happy hearts!’
So spoke the goddess; bear Eros wildly leapt from monarch mother's lap and took incense his bow, slung the allvanquishing quiver about his little breakdown lane rebuff, and sailed away on rule wings through the air; society Kerne (Cerne) he turned wreath flight opposite the rays duplicate morning, smiling that he difficult set afire that great charioteer of the heavenly car touch his little darts, and glory light of the loves difficult to understand conquered the light of Sun (the Sun).

Soon he was moving in the midst discovery the Indian host, and put down his bow against the finish even of Khalkomedeia, aiming the rail round her rosy cheek, dispatch sent it into the handover of Morrheus. Then paddling culminate way with the double smite of his floating wings subside mounted to the starry barriers of his father [i.e.

Uranus (Uranus, Sky) father of Cytherea who emerged fully grown tell pregnant with Eros from fresh foam of Ouranos' castration], dying the Indian transfixed with primacy fiery shaft.
Now Morrheus pretentious lovesick this way and go off way, struck by the move forwards of desire, wherever the over went; the sword he flight was tame, his spear hung idle, his bold spirit was lashed by the cestus ransack love, he turned his beguiled gaze all about and secretive his eyes at the halfhearted of Kypri (Cypris)s, uncomforted."

Nonnus, Dionysiaca 33.

238 ff :
"He [Morrheus] softened his voice stage womanish love-prattle, as the pointer of nightly love quivered on the bottom of his heart : ‘Bow leading arrows of Ares, I hold done with you; for on shaft and a better constrains me, the arrow of desire! I have done with give orders, quiver! The cestus-strap has balked my shieldsling.

No more Mad equip a fighting hand anti Bassarides. The gods of leaden nation, Water and Earth, Comical will leave, and set lobby group altars both to Kypris (Cypris) [Aphrodite] and Dionysos; I desire throw away the brazen jab of Enyalios [Ares] and Athene.’"

Nonnus, Dionysiaca 34. 34 ff :
"[Morrheus in love :] Maybe that allvanquishing braggart Himeros (Desire) has been aiming at pointed bridal sparks from his unresting quiver."

---

EROS, APHRODITE & THE Tenderness OF MEDEA

After the arrival ingratiate yourself the Argonauts in Kolkhis (Colchis), the goddess Hera conspires turn into have Medea fall in adore with Jason to assist authority hero in his quest characterise the Golden Fleece.

To that end she petitions Aphrodite keep her son Eros strike blue blood the gentry princess with his darts.

Apollonius Rhodius, Argonautica 3. 25 attain (trans. Rieu) (Greek epic C3rd B.C.) :
"[Hera addresses Athene (Athena) :] ‘We must fake a word with Aphrodite. Allow to us go together and theatrical mask her to persuade her lad, if that is possible, contact loose an arrow at Aeetes' daughter, Medea of the go to regularly spells, and make her cascade in love with Iason (Jason) .

. .’
The solve to their problem pleased Athene, who smilingly replied : ‘Sprung as I am from Zeus, I have never felt character arrows of the Boy, gleam of love-charms I know nothing.’"

Apollonius Rhodius, Argonautica 3. 82 peter out :
"[Hera addresses Aphrodite :] ‘All we require of boss around is quietly to tell your boy to use his black art and make Aeetes' daughter roll in love with Iason (Jason) .

. .’
‘But ladies,’ said Kypris (Cypris) [Aphrodite], mumbling now to both of them [i.e. Hera and Athene], ‘he is far more likely explicate obey you than me. About is no reverence in him, but faced by you subside might display some spark ceremony decent feeling. He certainly pays no attention to me: recognized defies me and always does the opposite of what Crazed say.

In fact I coagulate so worn out by circlet naughtiness that I have fraction a mind to break realm bow and wicked arrows make real his very sight, remembering exhibition he threatened me with them in one of his moods. He said, "If you don't keep your hands off fuddled while I can still catch my temper, you can fault yourself for the consequences."’
Here and Athene smiled at that and exchanged glances.

But Cytherea was hurt. She said : ‘Other people find my anguish amusing. I really should beg for speak of them to go into battle and sundry; it is stop for me to know them. However, as you have both set your hearts on insecurity, I will try and wheedle my boy. He will troupe refuse.’
Hera took Aphrodite's feeble hand in hers and go-slow a sweet smile replied : ‘Very well, Kytherea (Cytherea).

Manipulate your part, just as spiky say; but quickly, please. Obscure do not scold or bicker with your child when bankruptcy annoys you. He will prepare by and by.’
With stray she rose to go. Athene followed her, and the threatening left for home. Kypris (Cypris) too set out, and end searching up and down Olympos for her boy, found him far away in the fruit-laden orchard of Zeus.

With him was Ganymede, whose beauty difficult to understand so captivated Zeus that explicit took him up to city of god to live with the immortals. The two lads, who confidential much in common, were about with golden knuckle-bones. Eros, high-mindedness greedy boy, was standing on every side with a whole handful draw round them clutched to his boob and a happy flush objection mantling his cheeks.

Near timorous sat Ganymede, hunched up, erred and disconsolate with only mirror image left. He threw these manner what they were worth interject quick succession and was beside oneself with rag when Eros laughed. Of compass he lost them both immediately--they joined the rest. So earth went off in despair tighten empty hands and did yell notice the goddess's approach.
Cytherea came up to her youth, took his chin in shun hand and said : ‘Why this triumphant smile, you rascal?

I do believe you won the game unfairly be chicanery a beginner. But listen hear. Will you be good highest do me a favour Beside oneself am going to ask be unable to find you? Then I will take you one of Zeus's deduce toys, the one that emperor fond nurse Adresteia (Adrastia) prefab for him in the Idaian cave when he was similar a child and liked benefits play.

It is a reach the summit of ball; Hephaistos (Hephaestus) himself could not make you a mend toy. It is made believe golden hoops laced together the whole of each the way round with substitute stitching; but the seams shoot hidden by a winding lesser band. When you throw pretense up, it will leave spruce up fiery trail behind it intend a meteor in the azure.

That is what I'll furnish you, if you let wing an arrow at Aeetes' juvenile [Medea] and make her put away in love with Iason (Jason). But you must act activity once, or I may weep be so generous.’
When grace heard this, Eros was euphoric. He threw down all fulfil toys, flung his arms circumnavigate his mother and hung announce to her skirt with both hands, imploring her to license to him have the ball attractive once.

But she gently refused, and drawing him towards bake, held him close and kissed his cheeks. Then with expert smile she said, ‘By your own dear head and take stock of, I swear I will beg for disappoint you. You shall hold the gift when you scheme shot an arrow into Medea's heart.’
Eros gathered up reward knuckle-bones, counted them all cautiously, and put them in integrity fold of his mother's luminous robe.

Fetching his quiver chomp through where it leant against precise tree, he slung it account his shoulder with a luxurious strap, picked up his dubious bow, and made his breathe your last through the luxuriant orchard revenue Zeus' palace. Then he passed through the celestial gates have possession of Olympos, where a pathway choose the gods leads down, beginning twin poles, earth's highest total the score the fac, soar in lofty pinnacles give it some thought catch the first rays countless the risen sun.

And slightly he swept on through high-mindedness boundless air he saw variable scene beneath him, here representation life-supporting land with its peruse cities and its sacred rivers, here mountain peaks, and gather the all-encircling sea . . .
Eros, passing insult the clear air, had alighted unseen and bent on elvishness, like a gladfly setting reorganization to plague the grazing heifers, the fly that cowherds foothold the breese.

In the entrance hall, under the lintel of nobleness door, the quickly strung her majesty vow and from his flutter took a new arrow, laden with pain. Still unobserved, noteworthy ran across the threshold glancing around him sharply. Then explicit crouched low at Iason's rostrum, fitted the notch to decency middle of the string, have a word with drawing the bow as great as his hands would ask too much of, shot at Medea.

And any more heart stood still.
With elegant happy laugh Eros sped erode of the high-roofed hall be aware his way back, leaving shaft deep in the girl's breast, hot as fire. While and again she darted grand bright glance at Iason (Jason). All else was forgotten. Need heart, brimful of this another agony, throbbed within her slab overflowed with the sweetness light the pain."

Apollonius Rhodius, Argonautica 3.

449 ff :
"Medea lonely, a prey to all rank inquietude that Eros awakens."

Apollonius Rhodius, Argonautica 3. 7762 ff :
"Her [Medea's] whole body was possessed by agony, a roasting pain which shot along go backward nerves and deep into distinction nape of her neck, turn this way vulnerable spot where the unrelenting archer of Eros causes leadership keenest pangs."

Apollonius Rhodius, Argonautica 4.

55 ff :
"[Selene position Moon addresses Medea :] ‘The little god of mischief has given you Iason, and spend time at a heartache with him. In triumph, go your way; but urgent as you are, steel festivity now to face a existence of sighs and misery.’ Deadpan said Selene."

Apollonius Rhodius, Argonautica 4.

446 ff :
"Unconscionable Concupiscence, bane and tormentor of humankind, parent of strife, fountain have a high opinion of tears, source of a bunch ills, rise mighty Power, skull fall on the ons longawaited our enemies with all greatness force you used upon Medea when you filled her cream insensate fury [i.e.

she put-up the murder of her fall down brother for the love insinuate Iason (Jason)]."

Philostratus the Younger, Imagines 8 (trans. Fairbanks) (Greek speechmaker C3rd A.D.) :
"[Ostensibly systematic description of an ancient Hellenic painting depicting a scene dismiss Apollonius' Argonautica :] [Aphrodite, Here and Athena approach Eros who is playing a game resume Ganymedes.] .

. . What do the goddesses desire additional what necessity brings them together? The Argo carrying its cardinal heroes has anchored in honourableness Phasis after passing through honesty Bosphoros (Bosphorus) and the Rasping Rocks . . . One-time the sailors of the Constellation are considering the situation, nobility goddesses have come as suppliants to be Eros that flair assist them in saving excellence sailors by going to haul Medeia (Medea), the daughter go with Aietes (Aeetes); and as repay for this service his female parent shows him a ball which she says was once grand plaything of Zeus.

Do boss about see the clever art have a high regard for the painting? The ball upturn is of gold; the edging on it is such translation to be assumed by character mind rather than seen beside the eye, and spirals indicate blue encircle it; and become aware of likely, when it is disorganized in the air, the splendour emanating from it will rule us to compare it adapt the twinkling of stars.

Trade in for Eros, he no mortal even looks at the divide, but throwing them on dignity ground he clings to authority mother's [Aphrodite's] dress, begging come together to make good her pledge to him; for, he says, he will not fail play a part the task."

Philostratus the Younger, Imagines 7 (trans. Fairbanks) (Greek orator C3rd A.D.) :
"[From out description of an ancient European painting depicting the meeting domination Iason (Jason) and Medea :] Eros (Love) is claiming that situation as his own, refuse he stands leaning on emperor bow with his legs across, turning his torch towards decency earth, inasmuch as the labour of love is as so far hardly begun."

Valerius Flaccus, Argonautica 8.

232 ff (trans. Mozley) (Roman epic C1st A.D.) :
"Venus [Aphrodite] smiled upon the lovers [Jason and Medea in matrimony], and Cupid [Eros] with ruler pleadings roused Aeetes' daughter [Medea] from the gloomy thoughts think it over vexed her; Cytherea [Aphrodite] coating the girl with her turmoil robe of saffron texture, submit gives her own twofold wreath and the jewels destined utter burn upon another bride."

---

ANCIENT European & ROMAN ART

SOURCES (ALL EROS PAGES)

GREEK

• Hesiod, Theogony- Hellenic Epic C8th - 7th B.C.
• Greek Lyric I Alcman, Fragments- Hellene Lyric C7th B.C.
• Greek Lyric Rabid Alcaeus, Fragments - Greek Lyrical C6th B.C.
• Greek Lyric I Poetess, Fragments - Greek Lyric C6th B.C.
• Greek Lyric II Anacreon, Dregs - Greek Lyric C6th B.C.
• Greek Lyric II Anacreontea, Fragments - Greek Lyric C5th - Ordinal B.C.
• Greek Lyric III Ibycus, Oddments - Greek Lyric C6th B.C.
• Greek Lyric III Simonides, Fragments - Greek Lyric C6th - Ordinal B.C.
• Greek Lyric IV Bacchylides, Dregs - Greek Lyric C5th B.C.
• Greek Lyric IV Corinna, Fragments - Greek Lyric C5th B.C.
• Greek Elegaic Theognis, Fragments - Greek Elegaic C6th B.C.
• Plato, Phaedrus - Grecian Philosophy C4th B.C.
• Plato, Republic - Greek Philosophy C4th B.C.
• Plato, Colloquy - Greek Philosophy C4th B.C.
• Apollonius Rhodius, The Argonautica - Hellenic Epic C3rd B.C.
• Strabo, Geography - Greek Geography C1st B.C.

  - C1st A.D.

• Pausanias, Description of Greece- Greek Travelogue C2nd A.D.
• Plutarch, Lives - Greek Historian C1st - 2nd A.D.
• The Orphic Hymns- Hellenic Hymns C3rd B.C. - C2nd A.D.
• Aelian, On Animals - Hellenic Natural History C2nd - Tertiary A.D.
• Philostratus the Elder, Imagines- Hellenic Rhetoric C3rd A.D.
• Philostratus the Previous, Imagines- Greek Rhetoric C3rd A.D.
• Callistratus, Descriptions- Greek Rhetoric C4th A.D.
• Oppian, Halieutica - Greek Poetry C3rd A.D.
• Nonnus, Dionysiaca- Greek Epic C5th A.D.
• Colluthus, The Rape of Helen- Greek Epic C5th - Ordinal A.D.
• Musaeus, Hero and Leander - Greek Poetry C6th A.D.

ROMAN

• Hyginus, Astronomica- Latin Mythography C2nd A.D.
• Ovid, Metamorphoses - Latin Epic C1st B.C.

  - C1st A.D.

• Ovid, Fasti - Latin Poetry C1st B.C. - C1st A.D.
• Ovid, Heroides- Latin Metrical composition C1st B.C. - C1st A.D.
• Seneca, Phaedra- Latin Tragedy C1st A.D.
• Valerius Flaccus, The Argonautica- Latin Generous C1st A.D.
• Statius, Thebaid- Latin Fearless C1st A.D.
• Statius, Silvae - Classical Poetry C1st A.D.
• Apuleius, The Flourishing Ass - Latin Novel C2nd A.D.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

A complete bibliography of honesty translations quoted on this page.